Power Supply with Battery Backup – Functional Description
The block diagram shows the internal structure of a power supply unit with battery backup:
- EMI Filter & Rectifier: filters electromagnetic interference from the input and converts AC to DC.
- Power Switching: converts and regulates the voltage by high-speed switching.
- Rectifiers & Filter: smooths and stabilises the output voltage for the load.
- PWM Control: controls the switching to keep the output constant (pulse width modulation).
- O.L.P. (Over Load Protection): shuts down or limits the output when an excessive load is detected.
- O.V.P. (Over Voltage Protection): cuts the output if the voltage exceeds the safe limit.
- Detection Circuit: monitors voltage and other parameters to trigger protective actions or status indicators.
- Battery Charger & Backup Control: manages battery charging and switches to battery power when the mains fails.
- Alarm Circuit: indicates system status: AC OK (input power is normal), Bat. Low (battery voltage is low).
- Output Terminals: +V / -V main output to the load; Bat. + / Bat. - battery connection terminals.